Browsing by Author "Yakovenko R."

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    Bacterial blight of viburnum (Pseudomonas syringae pv. viburnum): Biological features, causes, and consequences of manifestation, methods of control in the system of decorative and fruit gardening
    (Polissia National University, 2023) Yakovenko R.; Moskalets T.; Pеlеkhаta N.; Svitelskyi M.; Verheles P.
    Viburnum bacterial blight weakens the growth of Viburnum trees (bushes) and inhibits the physiological processes caused by the Pseudomonas syringae pv. viburni bacterium which survives in the affected stem tissue, plant remains, and soil. The purpose of the study was to examine the bioecological features of the manifestation of Pseudomonas syringae pv. viburni and development of measures to control bacterial leaf spotting in viburnum gardens. During the experiment, diagnostic methods were used to select plant leaves, identify, record, and analyse the affected leaves of viburnum plants by the Pseudomonas syringae pv. viburni bacterium. A method to avoid or reduce the risk of bacterial blights was developed. It was determined that various approaches can be used to prevent bacterial diseases in plants of the Viburnum L. genus, such as selecting more disease-resistant varieties, collecting and destroying fallen leaves and branches after pruning, and following agricultural techniques and gardening practices. For chemical control, copper-based bactericidal preparations, such as copper hydroxide or copper sulfate can be used, which are recommended for use in autumn and spring before budding. Performing these actions will help to prevent the manifestation of bacterial diseases in plants. It is proved that in the conditions of the Northern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine in the system of fruit gardening, it is advisable to grow high- and medium-resistant genotypes of Viburnum vulgaris of the Institute of Horticulture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine against bacterial leaf spotting. The practical value of the study lies in the fact that information about bacterial blight or bacterial spotting of viburnum leaves was expanded; it was proved that various species of the Viburnum L. genus differ in their susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv. viburni bacterial damage; it is confirmed that the susceptibility of viburnum plants to this disease can be substantially reduced due to low-susceptible and resistant varieties and species of the Viburnum L. genus and timely technical and chemical measures
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    Features of tree formation in intensive apple plantations
    (European Conference, 2023) Yakovenko R.; Kukuruza V.
    Depending on the age of the orchard and the vigour of the trees, formative pruning and pruning to regulate fruiting and growth are introduced. Crown shaping is usually completed in the third or fourth year after planting, and regulatory pruning is carried out after the completion of the formative pruning and continues throughout the entire life of the plantation. In horticulture, there are two main pruning methods: thinning (cutting) and shortening. They are combined with auxiliary techniques such as adjusting the angles of the bending shoots, ringing branches, etc. Depending on the age and condition of the trees, pruning is carried out by thinning the crown and shortening annual shoots [6-8]. Numerous studies and international best practices have developed progressive methods of pruning crowns of intensive apple plantations, and established the timing of pruning of various variety-rootstock combinations. However, this agricultural measure requires further detailed study for specific types of apple plantations in different soil and climatic conditions.
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    Harmfulness of the viburnum leaf beetle (Pyrrhalta viburni Payk.) on plants of the Viburnum L. genus and elements of its control technology for strategies in breeding work in the system of fruit and decorative gardening
    (Polissia National University, 2023) Yakovenko R.; Moskalets Т.; Moskalets V.; Marchenko А.; Pеlеkhаtyi V.
    The studies were conducted in various ecological points of Ukraine (western and northern part of the Forest-Steppe, Southern Polissia) to examine the bioecological features of Pyrrhalta viburni Paykull and develop measures to reduce its harmfulness in the system of fruit and decorative gardening. The purpose of the study was to examine the bioecological features of the viburnum leaf beetle on plants of the Viburnum L. genus and elements of its control technology (selection of species, varietal composition, seasonal pruning, mechanised trunk, or inter-bush loosening of the soil, application of mineral fertilisers, use of paraffin oil and Actofit biological product) for strategies in breeding work. The study was based on the use of the method of conducting a qualification examination, visual methods (route and detailed), the method of accounting and describing pests, determining the degree and score of infestation, and the percentage of damaged plants. As a result, species of the Viburnum L. genus are differentiated by susceptibility to viburnum leaf beetle into: susceptible – V. opulus, V. sargentii, moderately or poorly receptive – V. lantana, and immune or resistant – V. sieboldii, and in the garden conditions on moderately or poorly susceptible – V. opulusand V. sargentii and resistant – V. sieboldii and V. lantana. The most effective measure of mechanical control of the viburnum leaf eater, in particular, in the collection, hybrid, breeding, and queen nurseries, is pruning individual branches with pest eggs laid on them during November-March. It is identified that the appropriate measure is the formation of biological barriers in the breeding nurseries of Viburnum, represented by other viburnum species (Siebold’s viburnum, Viburnum lantana), which are less susceptible to the viburnum leaf beetle than the plants of Viburnum opulus or Viburnum sargentii, which will allow preserving valuable genotypes of the above-mentioned viburnum species from damage by the pest at an early stage and prevent the use of environmentally dangerous chemical pesticides. The results of the study expand information about the Pyrrhalta viburni Payk. species and can be used in the ecology of insect pests, the developed measures will allow controlling the populations of viburnum leaf beetle in the system of fruit and decorative gardening at an early stage
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    Yield of pear plantations depending on optimised mineral nutrition
    (European Conference, 2023) Yakovenko R.; Chepurnyi V.
    Thus, the highest yields of both experimental pear varieties Conference and Osnovyanska were provided by fertilisation with additional application of N30 and N30K30 to the calculated norms of nitrogen and potassium fertilisers (background), respectively, 27 and 31 and 37 and 36% higher than from unfertilised trees and by 1 and 5 and 7 and 6% - from fertilised trees with annual application of N90P60K90, where there was a less balanced ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nutrition of fruit trees, although the total amount of fertiliser was higher.