Browsing by Author "Serhii Poltoretskyi"

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    ECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF FORMATION OF MILLET SEEDS
    (Видавничо-поліграфічний центр «Візаві»., 2020) Serhii Poltoretskyi; Nataliya Poltoretska; Lidiia Kononenko; Svitlana Tretiakova; Volodymyr Bilonozhko
    The analytical review of domestic and foreign literary sources on the condition and prospects of grain and seed production in Ukraine for the period up to 2025 was carried out. The top directions of millet breeding and seed production were determined. The ecological and biological features of formation of high-quality seed grain of millet (Panicum melliaceum L.) were analyzed. It was established that the formation and development of seeds of a millet plant is not simultaneous, and accordingly its supply with nutrients is also different. The level of this supply is connected with the intensity of photosynthesis and the flow of mineral nutrients, which, in turn, is determined by environmental conditions. The interrelation of these conditions with the relevant seed quality indexes is not only of scientific interest, as its morphological and physiological and biochemical properties affect the sowing qualities of the seed grain. Наведено аналітичний огляд вітчизняних і зарубіжних літературних джерел, щодо стану та перспектив виробництва зерна і насіннєвого матеріалу в Україні на період до 2025 року. Визначено пріоритетну напрями селекції і насінництва проса. Проаналізовано еколого-біологічні особливості формування високоякісного насіннєвого матеріалу проса посівного (Panicum melliaceum L.). Встановлено, що утворення й розвиток насіння на рослині проса відбувається неодночасно, відповідно й забезпеченість його поживними речовинами також неоднакова. Рівень цієї забезпеченості пов’язаний з інтенсивністю фотосинтезу та надходженням елементів мінерального живлення, що, в свою чергу, визначається умовами зовнішнього природного середовища. Встановлення взаємозв’язку цих умов з відповідними показниками якості насіння має не лише науковий інтерес, так як його морфологічні та фізіолого-біохімічні властивості впливають на посівні якості насіннєвого матеріалу.
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    ECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF FORMATION OF MILLET SEEDS
    (Видавничо-поліграфічний центр «Візаві»., 2020) Serhii Poltoretskyi; Nataliya Poltoretska; Lidiia Kononenko; Svitlana Tretiakova; Volodymyr Bilonozhko
    The analytical review of domestic and foreign literary sources on the condition and prospects of grain and seed production in Ukraine for the period up to 2025 was carried out. The top directions of millet breeding and seed production were determined. The ecological and biological features of formation of high-quality seed grain of millet (Panicum melliaceum L.) were analyzed. It was established that the formation and development of seeds of a millet plant is not simultaneous, and accordingly its supply with nutrients is also different. The level of this supply is connected with the intensity of photosynthesis and the flow of mineral nutrients, which, in turn, is determined by environmental conditions. The interrelation of these conditions with the relevant seed quality indexes is not only of scientific interest, as its morphological and physiological and biochemical properties affect the sowing qualities of the seed grain.
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    Peculiarities of the Primary Process of the Soil Formation on the Mine Rock Dumps under the Influence of Biotic Factors
    (Journal of Ecological Engineering, 2022) Larisa Kucher; Oleksandr Zamorskyi; Olena Manzii; Serhii Poltoretskyi; Olha Vasylenko; Igor Krasnoshtan; Vira Boroday; Olena Voitsekhivska; Volodymyr Voitsekhivskyi; Evgeniy Beregniak
    Open pit coal mining is a global problem, because mines occupy large areas that completely change the relief, dramatically affect ecosystems, as a result of which they lose most of their functions, and a significant part of the fertile soil degrades and becomes unsuitable for agricultural activities. In the presented work, the initial stage of soil formation was studied, the parameters of the granulometric composition of uneven-aged rocks of Donbas mine dumps, their nutritional regime, and the species composition of soil algae were studied. Samples were taken from three different-aged rock dumps of the mines: ˮSouth-Donbaska - 3ˮ (rock storage for 40 years); ˮSouthDonbaska - 1ˮ (storage of rock for 52 years), ˮTrudovska №5 - bis (storage of rock for more than 100 years). The agrochemical parameters of the rock were determined in the samples: pHwater, humus, nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, particle size distribution. The determination of granulometric fractions of 0–20 cm layer of rock dumps of the mines shows, along with the age, a potential increase of the dump of fine fractions and a decrease in the fraction of stones from 83% in the dump of the South-Donbaska mine, and by 30 to 64.7% in the dump of the Trudovska No. 5-bis. The proportion of the clay fraction is not high in all dumps and it does not exceed 1%, but its appearance indicates the initial stage of a soil structure formation. Soil formation begins with the colonization of mineral rocks with soil algae. The species composition of soil algae, the quantitative accounting were determined by microscopy of a freshly selected soil sample and by cultural methods. Algae species were determined by determinants. In the rock dump, the structure of algal groups becomes more similar to, their structure in the background soils of the territory. The ominance of the representatives of Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta in the rock indicates the steppe process of soil formation. The data obtained contribute to the expansion of the ecological and biological understanding of the initial stages of the formation of soil cenoses.